George Engelmann

George Engelmann

George Engelmann (Fráncfort del Meno, 2 de febrer de 1809-Sant Luis, Misuri, 4 de febrer de 1884) va ser un mege i botànic d'orige alemà, naixcut en Fráncfort del Meno, ya als quinze s'apassiona per la botànica, pero estudia medicina obtenint la seua doctorat en 1831. Emigra a EE. UU. en 1832, fallint en Saint-Louis, Misuri. Allí va desenrollar la major part de la seua carrera professional. Desenrolla una granja en Illinois, després va a St. Louis a on s'establix practicant la medicina. En 1840 visita Alemània, a on es casa en una prima, Dorothea Horstmann, retornant junts a EE. UU. (El seu fill George Julius Engelmann va ser un notable ginecòlec.)

Els seus estudis sobre biologia i botànica ho varen fer operar observacions meteorològiques des de 1836 fins a la seua mort. Va ser el primer en senyalar que les vinyes americanes estaven inmunisades contra la filoxera. Va estudiar largamente la flora local, interessant-se en particular per les cactáceas, els roures i les coníferes.

Algunes publicacions

Botànica

• d'Antholysi Prodromus. Dissertatio inauguralis phytomorphologica. Frankfurt am Main 1832, biodiversitylibrary. org/page/30234694 (online)
• A Monography of North American Cuscutineae. In: American Journal of Science and Arts. Band 43, 1842, S. 333–345, botanicus. org/page/1308867 (online)
• Catalogue of a collection of Plants made in Illinois and Missouri. by Charles A. Geyer; with critical remarks, &c. En: American Journal of Science and Arts 46, 1844, pp. 94–104, biodiversitylibrary. org/page/15484871 (online)
• Plantae Lindheimerianae: An Enumeration of the Plans collected in Texas, and distributed to Subscribers, by F. Lindheimer, with Remarks, and Descriptions of new Species, &c. En: Boston Journal of Natural History 5, 1845, pp. 210–264, org/page/32267479 (online). En Torra Gray
• Botanical Appendix. En: Friedrich Adolph Wislizenus: Memoir of a Tour to Northern Mexico: Connected with Col. Doniphan's Expedition, in 1846 and 1847. Tippin & Streeper, Washington 1848, pp. 87–115, biodiversitylibrary. org/page/28869247 (online)
• [Cactaceae]. En: William Hemsley Emory: Notes of a Military Recomnoissance from Fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego in Califòrnia. Wendell & Benthuysen, Washington 1848, pp. 155–159, google. de/books? id=_RAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA155 (online)
• Systematic Arrangement of the Species of the Genus Cuscuta, with critical Remarks on old species and Descriptions of new ones. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 1, 1859, PP. 453–523, org/page/30339759 (online)
• Notes on the Cereus giganteus of South Eastern Califòrnia and some other Californian Cactaceae. En: Am. J. of Science and Arts (2ª época) 14, 1852, pp. 335–339, i p. 446, org/page/28136821 (online)
• Further Notes on Cereus giganteus of Southeastern Califòrnia, with a short account of another allied species of Sonora. En: Am. J. of Science and Arts (2ª época) 17, 1854, pp. 231–235, org/page/28542785 (online)
• Description Of The Cactaceae. En: Route near the thirty-fifth parall explored by Lieutenant A. W. Whipple, Topographical Engineers, in 1853 and 1854, 4 ( 5), Report Of The Botany Of The Expedition, B. Tucker, Washington 1856, S. 27–58, org/page/29094851 (online). En John Milton Bigelow
• Cactaceae of the Boundary. En: United States and Mexican Boundary Survey, under the Order of Lietu. Col. W. H. Emory, Major first Cavalry, and United States Commissioner 2 ( 1), Cornelius Wendell, Washington 1859, org/page/8100543 (online) org/page/8100543 archivat en Wayback Machine.
• Cactaceae. En: Report upon the Colorat River of the West, explored in 1857 and 1858 by Lieutenant Joseph C. Ives, Corps of Topographical Engineers under the direction of the Office of explorations and surveys, A. A. Humphreys, Captain Topographical Engineers, in charge; By order of the Secretary of War. Government Printing Office, Washington 1861, Botany, pp. 12–14, botanicus. org/page/1743137 (online)
• Euphorbiaceae. En: Report upon the Colorat River of the West, explored in 1857 and 1858 by Lieutenant Joseph C. Ives, Corps of Topographical Engineers under the direction of the Office of explorations and surveys, A. A. Humphreys, Captain Topographical Engineers, in charge; By order of the Secretary of War. Government Printing Office, Washington 1861, Botany, pp. 26–27, botanicus. org/page/1743151 (online)
• A Revision of the North American Species of the Genus Juncus, with a Description of new or imperfectly known Species. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 2, 1868, pp. 424–498, i p. 590, org/page/5788206 (online)
• Notes on the Genus Yucca. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 3. 1873, pp. 17–64, org/page/5792857 (online)
• Notes on Agave. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 3, 1878, pp. 291–322, org/page/5793016 (online)
• About the Oaks of the United States. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 3, 1876/1877, pp. 372–400, i p. 539–543, org/page/5793084 (online)
• The genus Isoetes in North America. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 4, 1882, pp. 358–390, org/page/5799685 (online)
• The true Grape Vines of the United States. En: Bush & Són & Meissner: Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue of American Grape Vines. A Grape Growers' Manual. 3.ª ed. R. P. Studley & Co. St. Louis 1883, pp. 9–20, archive. org/stream/illustrateddesc00bushrich#page/8/mode/1up (en llínea).
• The Diseases of Grape Vines. En: Bush & Són & Meissner: Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue of American Grape Vines. A Grape Growers' Manual. 3ª ed. R. P. Studley & Co. St. Louis 1883, pp. 47–48, archive. org/stream/illustrateddesc00bushrich#page/47/mode/1up (online)
• William Trelease, Torra Gray (eds.) The botanical works of the clapix George Engelmann, collected for Henry Shaw, esq. J. Wilson and Són, Cambridge (MA) 1887, botanicus. org/title/b11679517 (online). Pòstum

Meteorologia

• Fall of Rain in St. Louis During Twenty Three Years - 1839 to 1861. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 2 ( 1), 1861, pp. 75, org/page/5787672 (online)
• Fall of Snow (melted) in St. Louis in 23 Years, from 1839 to 1861. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 2 ( 1), 1861, pp. 76, org/page/5787669 (online)
• Fall of Rain (including melted Snow) in St. Louis, from 1839 to 1861. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 2 ( 1), 1861, pp. 77–79, org/page/5787668 (online)
• Altitude of Pike's Peak and other points in Colorat Territory. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 2 ( 1), pp. 126–133, org/page/5787867 (online)
• The pixen and extreme daily Temperatures in St. Louis during forty seven years, as calculated from daily observations. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 4, 1883, pp. 496–508, org/page/5799847 (online)

Atres

• Dones Westland. Nordamerikanische Zeitschrift für Deutschland. Heidelberg 1837. Com a escritor i editor associat

Lliteratura

• Edgar S. Anderson. Godfather of the Garden. En: Washington University Magazine 39, 1969, pp. 38–43
• Richard G. Beidelman. George Engelmann, Botanical Gatekeeper of the West. En: Horticulture 48 ( 4), 1970, pp. 42–43, 52–53, 56–58
• William G. Bek. George Engelmann, Man of Science. 1929
• Part I. En: Missouri Historical Review 23 ( 2), giner 1929, pp. 167–206, archive. org/web/20140903152456/http://statehistoricalsocietyofmissouri. org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/mhr/id/10889/show/10689 (online)
• Part II. En: Missouri Historical Review 23 ( 3), abril 1929, pp. 427–446, archive. org/web/20140903151128/http://statehistoricalsocietyofmissouri. org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/mhr/id/11742/show/11650 (online)
• Part III. En: Missouri Historical Review 23 ( 4), juliol 1929, pp. 517–535, archive. org/web/20140903150936/http://statehistoricalsocietyofmissouri. org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/mhr/id/11899/show/11747 (online)
• Part IV. En: Missouri Historical Review 24 ( 1), octubre 1929, pp. 66–86, archive. org/web/20140903151048/http://statehistoricalsocietyofmissouri. org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/mhr/id/11056/show/10957 (online)
• Howard Elkinton. George Engelmann – Greatly Interested in Plants. En: The American-German Review 12, agost 1946, pp. 16–21
• Jerome Jansma, Harriet H. Jansma. George Engelmann in Arkansas Territory. En: The Arkansas Historical Quarterly 50 ( 3), 1991, pp. 225–248, JSTOR:40038186
• Jerome Jansma, Harriet H. Jansma. Engelmann Revisits Arkansas, the New State. En: The Arkansas Historical Quarterly 51 ( 4), 1992, pp. 328–356, JSTOR:40024100
• Barbara Lawton. George Engelmann, 1809–1884. Scientific father of the Garden. En: Missouri Botanical Garden Bull. 56 ( 6), St. Louis 1968, pp. 10–17, botanicus. org/page/941421 (online)
• Michaelong. George Engelmann and the Lure of Frontier Science. En: Missouri Historical Review 89 ( 3), 1995 pp. 251–268, archive. org/web/20140903152149/http://statehistoricalsocietyofmissouri. org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/mhr/id/47505/show/47387 (online)
• Maxwell Tylden Masters. The Clapix Dr. Engelmann. En: Nature 29 ( 756), 24 d'abril de 1884, pp. 599, DOI:10.1038/029599a0
• Larry W. Mitich. The Odyssey of Dr. George Engelmann. En: Excelsa 4, 1974. pp. 31–39
• Paula Rebert. George Engelmann of St. Louis and his Contributions to Western Geography. En: Terrae Incognitae 32 ( 1), 2000, pp. 55–66
• Charles Sprague Sargent. Botanical Papers of George Engelmann. En: Bot. Gazette 9 ( 5), 1884, pp. 69–74, JSTOR:2995110
• Elizabeth A. Shaw. Changing Botany in North America: 1835–1860 The Role of George Engelmann. En: Ann. of the Missouri Bot. l Garden 73 ( 3), 1986, pp. 508–519, JSTOR:2399190
• Oscar H. Soule. Dr. George Engelmann: The First Man of Cacti and a Complete Scientist. En: Ann. of the Missouri Botanical Garden 57 ( 2), 1970, pp. 135–144, JSTOR:2395105
• Patricia P. Timberlake. George Engelmann, 1809–1884: Early Missouri Botanist. En: Missouri Folore Society J. 10, 1988 (Special Issue, Traditional Uses of Native Plants in Missouri), pp. 1–8.
• Steven J. Wolf. George Engelmann Type Specimens in the Herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden. En: Ann. of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75 ( 4), 1988, pp. 1608–1636, JSTOR:2399304.

Biografies

• [Anònim]. Sketch of George Engelmann, M. D. En: Popular Science Monthly 29, juny 1886, pp. 260–265, biodiversitylibrary. org/page/1685283 (online)
• Lawrence O. Christensen, Gary R. Kremer, William I. Foley, Kenneth H. Winn (eds.) Dictionary of Missouri Biography. University of Missouri Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8262-1222-0, pp. 284–286
• Torra Gray. George Engelmann. En: Proc. of the American Academy of Arts and Sci. 19, Boston 1884, pp. 516–522, org/page/8864828 (online)
• M. L. Gray, F. I. Nipher. [February 18, 1884]. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 4, 1886, pp. XC–XCV, org/page/5800231 (online)
• Gustav Körner. Dones deutsche Element in donen Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika, 1818–1848. A. I. Milde & Co. Cincinnati 1880, pp. 327–331, archive. org/stream/dasdeutsche00khorrich#page/327/mode/1up (online)
• Heinrich Armin Rattermann: Dr. med. Georg Engelmann. In: Der Deutsche Pionier. Band 16, 1884–1885, nausa. uni-oldenburg. de/pionier/j16/h07/004. html S. 260–267, nausa. uni-oldenburg. de/pionier/j16/h08/024. html pp. 311–318, nausa. uni-oldenburg. de/pionier/j16/h09/026. html S. 361–371
• Enno Sander. George Engelmann. En: Trans. of the Academy of Science of St. Louis 4, 1886, pp. 1–18, org/page/5799265 (en llínea)
• [Charles Sprague Sargent]: George Engelmann. En: Bull. of the Torrey Botanical Club 11 ( 4), 1884, pp. 38–41, JSTOR:2476345.
• [Charles Sprague Sargent]: Georg Engelmann. En: Science 3 ( 61), 4 d'abril de 1884, pp. 405–408, DOI:10.1126/science. ns-3.61.405
• Karl Schumann. Lebensbeschreibungen berühmter Kakteenkenner. Georg Engelmann. En: Monatsschrift für Kakteenkunde 9 ( 10), 1899, pp. 145–148, biodiversitylibrary. org/page/14078498 (online)
• Ignaz Urban. George Engelmann. En: Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 2, 1884, pp. XII–XV.
• Charles Abiathar White. Memoir of George Engelmann, 1809–1884. En: Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Science. Vol. IV, Washington 1902, pp. 1–21, nap. edu/html/biomems/gengelmann.pdf (pdf).
• Ernst Wunschmann. Engelmann, Georg. En: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Vol. 48, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1904, pp. 376–378

Cartes

• [Anònim]. Formative Days of Mr. Shaw’s Garden. En: Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 30 ( 5), 1942, pp. 100–110, biodiversitylibrary. org/page/6775777 (online)
• Minetta Algelt Goyne. Letters to George Engelmann. Texas A&M University Press, Tamu (Texas) 1991, ISBN 0-89096-457-2 (encuadernado) i ISBN 1-58544-021-3 (de bojaca)
• John Thomas Lee. Josiah Gregg and Dr. George Engelmann. En: Proc. of the Am. Antiquarian Society 41 ( 4), 1931, pp. 355–404
• Michael T. Stieber, Carla Lange. Augustus Fendler (1813–1883), Professional Plant Collector: Selected Correspondence with George Engelmann. En: Ann. of the Missouri Botanical Garden 73 ( 3), 1986, pp. 520–531, JSTOR:2399191

Atres

• G. Bäcker, F. Engelmann. Die kurpfälzischen Familien Engelmann und Hilgard. 1958 mit einer Ergänzung von 1983, St. Clair County Historical Society, Belleville (Illinois)
• Ada M. Klett. Belleville Germans Look At America (1833–1845). En: Journal of the Illinois State Historical Soc. 40 ( 1), març 1947, pp. 23–37, jstor. org/pss/40188229 JSTOR
• Joseph Raimar. Die kurpfälzische Familie Engelmann. En: Pfälzische Genealogie. 1952, pp. 17–28
• Cornelia Marschall Smith. Meusebach-Engelmann-Lindheimer. En: Texas Journal of Science. Heft 34, 1982

Honors

Eponimia

En el seu nom es varen batejar més de 260 espècies, com:

Engelm.

Referències

• Duane Isely. One hundred & one botanists. Iowa State University Press, 1994, pp. 188-190
• Engelmann Detalls d'autor en el IPNI

Enllaços externs

Commons

• Wikimedia Commons alberga contingut multimèdia sobre George Engelmann.
• Wikispecies té un artícul sobre George Engelmann.

Commons

• Wikimedia Commons alberga contingut multimèdia sobre George Engelmann.

• tropicos. org/Project/Engelmann Digitalisació de llegat d'Engelmann
• George Yatskievych: archive. org/web/20100528053107/http://www. mdc. mo. gov/conmag/2000/01/40. htm Missouri’s First Botanists
• Bob Graham: longcamp. com/bob_fpk. html Wind River Range. Identification of the peak Frémont climbed in 1842 longcamp. com/bob_fpk. html archivat en Wayback Machine.
• findagrave. com/cgi-bin/fg. cgi? page=gr&GRid=23244 Làpida en el cementeri de Bellefontaine
• Engelmanns ^{[enllaç trencat]}