English: Title: Biophysics: concepts and mechanisms

Identifier: biophysicsconcep00case Year: 1962 (1960s) Authors: Casey, Edmund Jeremiah, 1924- Subjects: Biophysics Publisher: New York, Reinhold Pub. Corp Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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Text Appearing Before Image: 48 MATTER WAVES: SOUND AND ULTRASOUND matter waves the medium itself—solid, liquid, or gas—moves back and forth. PROPERTIES OF MATTER WAVES Definition Matter waves are of two types, which differ only in the direction of the vibration relative to the direction of propagation. In transverse waves the vibration is perpendicular to the direction of propagation (a plucked violin string, for example). In longitudinal waves the vibration is parallel to the direction of propagation (the pressure waves from a blast, or in front of a piston, for example). Most of the matter waves which are of interest here are, like water waves, a combination of both. The two basic properties are the pressure (force/unit area) of the wave and its rate of change with time. The former is usually called the ampli- tude, \p (dynes/cm2). The latter is usually expressed as the number of times the value of \p cycles back and forth per second, i.e., as the frequency (cycles/sec). All matter waves, no matter what the shape, can be expressed as a super- position of simple, sinusoidal waves, of the type discussed in Chapter 1. There are traveling waves and standing waves (Figure 3-1 (a) and (b)). A 0

Text Appearing After Image: biost, shock, water waves auditory region (sound) ultrasonic region I I I '(b) I 20 21,000 .000,000 CYCLES PER SECOND Figure 3-1. (a) Traveling Wave Such as Sound in Air; Standing Wave Such as On a Vibrating Violin String; (b) Range of Matter Waves.

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